Medical Conditions

While it’s easy to take our vision for granted, there are actually a lot of problems that can occur with both our vision and our eye health. Some of these issues are caused by having underlying medical conditions that result in changes to different parts of our eyes.

At every eye exam here at The Optical Co, we routinely screen for a wide range of changes to the eye structure and function, even if you don’t yet have any noticeable disturbances to your vision. By detecting problems early, we’re able to help you get the best results for your long-term eye health. Common problems we work with include:

Cataracts

Cloudy area in the lens of your eye
Common cause of vision loss, especially for people over 80 years, smokers, diabetics, and those exposed to UV rays
Symptoms include blurry vision, hazy vision, less colourful vision, difficulty reading and doing everyday activities
Surgery can often remove cataracts and correct vision, and is a very commonplace procedure

Floaters and Flashes

Floaters are small dark shapes floating across vision
Flashes are bright lights in vision
Both are common, and may or may not require treatment. This is where an appointment with your eye care professional is important
New floaters or flashes that don't go away could be a sign of a serious eye condition

Pterygium

Vascular, fleshy growth of tissue in corner of the eye
Develops due to excessive UV light exposure
Most common in those who live in sunny areas or spend a lot of time outdoors
Symptoms include dry eyes, burning, itching, and watery eyes
In some cases, may need to be surgically removed

Macular Degeneration

Eye disease that blurs the central vision
Happens due to ageing and damage to the macula (central part of the retina)
Common cause of vision loss for those aged over 65 years
Regular eye exams are important to detect it early
Treatment may include supplements

Diabetic Retinopathy

Eye condition that causes vision loss and blindness in people with diabetes
Affects blood vessels in the retina
Early intervention can prevent damage and improve vision
Managing diabetes can help prevent or delay vision loss
Advanced cases may require laser treatment or surgery

Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)

Triggered by allergens, bacteria, or viruses
Causes swelling and redness inside the eyelid and white part of the eye
May feel itchy, painful, or have a sticky discharge
Contagious, so wash hands often and avoid sharing items
Some types resolve on their own, while others need treatment

Glaucoma

Group of eye diseases that cause vision loss and blindness by damaging the optic nerve
Common in people aged over 60 years
No symptoms at first, so regular eye exams are important
Can slowly lose vision and can eventually cause blindness without treatment
Early treatment can prevent damage and protect vision with eye drops, medication, and surgery

If you’re worried about changes in your vision, please see our list of refractive errors here.